Pahami Bahaya dan Cara Menangani Gangguan Obsesif Kompulsif

Apriliandi Damar Priyambodo

Editor:

  • Seseorang dengan OCD akan memiliki pikiran (obsesi) dan atau perilaku (kompulsi) yang tak terkendali dan berulang sehingga dia merasa ingin mengulanginya berulang-ulang.
  • Gejala tersebut dapat mengganggu semua aspek kehidupan, seperti pekerjaan, sekolah, dan hubungan pribadi.
  • Orang dengan OCD umumnya tidak dapat mengendalikan pikiran atau perilakunya, bahkan ketika pikiran atau perilaku tersebut dianggap berlebihan.

SKOR.id - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) adalah gangguan yang umum, kronis, dan berlangsung lama.

Seseorang dengan OCD akan memiliki pikiran (obsesi) dan atau perilaku (kompulsi) yang tak terkendali dan berulang sehingga dia merasa ingin mengulanginya berulang-ulang.

Obsesi adalah pikiran, desakan, atau gambaran mental yang berulang yang menyebabkan kecemasan.

Kompulsi adalah perilaku berulang yang dirasakan oleh seseorang dengan OCD sebagai respons terhadap pikiran obsesif.

Gejala tersebut dapat mengganggu semua aspek kehidupan, seperti pekerjaan, sekolah, dan hubungan pribadi.

Salah satu contoh gejala OCD yang paling umum adalah takut kuman atau kontaminasi sehingga memicu perilaku pembersihan atau cuci tangan secara berlebihan.

Ada juga kasus seseorang yang obsesi dengan hal-hal yang simetris sehingga akan memicu kecemasan jika melihat sesuatu hal yang tidak rapi dan teratur.

Orang dengan OCD umumnya tidak dapat mengendalikan pikiran atau perilakunya, bahkan ketika pikiran atau perilaku tersebut dianggap berlebihan.

Lalu mereka akan mengalami masalah yang signifikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mereka karena pemikiran atau perilaku ini.

Meskipun kebanyakan orang dewasa dengan OCD menyadari bahwa apa yang mereka lakukan tidak masuk akal.

Namun beberapa orang dewasa dan sebagian besar anak-anak mungkin masih tidak menyadari bahwa perilaku mereka di luar kebiasaan.

OCD biasanya diobati dengan obat-obatan, psikoterapi, atau kombinasi keduanya.

Salah satunya adalah Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) yang termasuk selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) digunakan untuk membantu mengurangi gejala OCD.

Selain itu psikoterapi dapat menjadi pengobatan yang efektif untuk orang dewasa dan anak-anak dengan OCD.

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Source: National Institute of Mental Health

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